​DOES EVERYONE HAVE A KIND OF MENTAL DISORDER?

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Opoola Maryam
According to Reuben and Schaefer, their research suggests that nearly everyone will develop a psychological disorder at some point in their life but for most people it’s temporary. Mental illness is of various types and degree of severity. Some of the major types of these illness include depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar mood, trauma and eating disorder, dementia and autism. The most prevalent ones are anxiety and depressive disorder. 

Almost everyone experiences strong feeling of tension, sadness at times and anxiety. When all these becomes disturbing and overwhelming this simply shows that mental illness is present. People suffering from depression and anxiety tend to have great problem coping with day to day activities such as work enjoying leisure time and maintaining relationships. At their most extreme, people with certain types of anxiety disorder may find it difficult to leave the house, may also have compulsive rituals to help them alleviate their fears.

The less common among the mental illness that may involve psychosis are bipolar mood disorder and schizophrenia. People suffering from an acute episode of psychosis lose touch with realities and perceive their world differently from what is considered normal. They are seriously affected with the ability to make feelings and thoughts around them. These may involve delusion such as false beliefs, persecution, guilt or grandeur hallucinations whereby the person sees, hears, tastes things that are not real.

Also, dementia is not a specific disease. It is an overall term that is used to describe a group of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skill severe enough to reduce a person’s ability to perform everyday activities. It is caused by physical changes in the brain. Vascular dementia that occurs after a stroke is the second most common dementia type. There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of dementia, including some that are verifiable such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. It is often incorrectly referred to as senility or senile dementia which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging. Many dementias are progressive that is symptoms start out slowly and gradually get worse. Obsessive compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder in which people have recurring thoughts, ideas or sensations that make them driven to do something repetitively. This repetitive behaviour can have great influence on such persons’ daily activities and social interaction. People experiencing obsessive compulsive disorder have persistent, unwanted routine and rigid behaviours which causes them causes them great distress.

Autism is a neuro behavioural condition that includes impairment in social interaction and developmental language and communication skills combined with rigid repetitive behaviour. This disorder is now called Autism spectrum disorder. It covers a large spectrum of symptoms, skills and levels of impairment. It ranges from severity from a handicap that limits an otherwise normal life to a devastating disability that may require institutional care. Children who suffer from Autism have problem of understanding what other people think and feel. They have difficulty in expressing themselves either with words or through gesture, facial expressions and touch. Children who are autistics may have repetitive, stereotyped body movement such as rocking, pacing or hand flapping. Such children tend to have unusual responses to people’s attachment to object, resistance to change in the routines or aggressive and self-esteem injurious behaviour.

This shows that no one is completely mentally stable. Everyone has at least one health problem that would be seen weird, gross or illogical.

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